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- BROWSING
- ========
-
- Samba now fully supports browsing. The browsing is supported by nmbd
- and is also controlled by options in the smb.conf file (see
- smb.conf(5)).
-
- Samba can act as a browse master for a workgroup, but currently cannot
- act as a domain controller. The ability to be a domain controller will
- be added in a later version.
-
- To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need
- to use the "workgroup" option in smb.conf to control what workgroup
- Samba becomes a part of.
-
- The -G option is most useful for simple setups where Samba is browsable
- in only one workgroup. In more complex cases the lmhosts file is
- better.
-
- Be very careful setting up your lmhosts file. An incorrectly setup
- lmhosts file can have disasterous results for your net!
-
- A simple lmhosts file might be:
-
- # This is a simple lmhosts file
- #
- # This is a host alias. Anyone querying this name
- # will get the specified IP
- 192.0.2.17 SMBDATA
- #
- # first put ourselves in workgroup MYGROUP using
- # our own net address
- 0.0.0.0 MYGROUP 255.255.255.0 G
-
- Note in the above that I overrode what workgroup Samba is in using the
- G flag. Also note that the 0.0.0.0 address is used, which will be
- automatically replaced with the broadcast address for groups, and with
- the local IP address for other entries.
-
- Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for
- browsing on another subnet.
-
- This works by the lmhosts file specifying a broadcast address on the
- other network to use to find a browse master for the workgroup.
-
- For example if you wanted yourself to appear in the workgroup STAFF on
- the network which has a broadcast of 192.0.3.255 then this entry would
- do the trick:
-
- # put ourselves in the STAFF workgroup on the other subnet
- 192.0.3.255 STAFF 255.255.255.0 G
-
- Notice the G at the end! It is very important you include this as this
- entry without the G could cause a broadcast storm!
-
- If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmb file will
- help you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for
- finding problems.
-
- Note that if it doesn't work for you, then you should still be able to
- type the server name as \\SERVER in filemanager then hit enter and
- filemanager should display the list of available shares.
-
- Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global
- "guest account" set to a valid account. Remember that the IPC$
- connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must
- have a valid guest account.
-
- Also, a lot of people are getting bitten by the problem of too many
- parameters on the command line of nmbd in inetd.conf. This trick is to
- not use spaces between the option and the parameter (eg: -d2 instead
- of -d 2), and to not use the -B and -N options. New versions of nmbd
- are now far more likely to correctly find your broadcast and network
- addess, so in most cases these aren't needed.
-
- The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address,
- netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the -B, -N and -I
- options to nmbd).
-
- FORCING SAMBA TO BE THE MASTER
- ==============================
-
- Who becomes the "master browser" is determined by an election process
- using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters
- which determine what precedence (bias) a host should have in the
- election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses
- elections to just about anyone else.
-
- If you want Samba to win elections then just set the "os level" global
- option in smb.conf to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 33
- would make it win all elections over every other system (except other
- samba systems!)
-
- A "os level" of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not NTAS. A
- NTAS domain controller uses level 32.
-
- The maximum os level is 255
-
- MAKING SAMBA THE DOMAIN MASTER
- ==============================
-
- The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of
- multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can
- make samba act as the domain master by setting "domain master = yes"
- in smb.conf. By default it will not be a domain master.
-
- When samba is the domain master and the master browser it will listen
- for master announcements from other subnets and then contact them to
- synchronise browse lists.
-
- If you want samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set
- the "os level" high enough to make sure it wins elections.
-
- NOTIFYING THE DOMAIN CONTROLLER
- ===============================
-
- If you have a domain controller for the domain which Samba is a part
- of then you should add the line "domain controller = address" to
- smb.conf. "address" can either be a name available via DNS or a IP
- address or a broadcast address. If it is a broadcast address then
- Samba will look for a domain controller on that network.
-
- When Samba is the master browser it will regularly contact the domain
- controller to synchronise browse lists.
-
-
- NOTE ABOUT BROADCAST ADDRESSES
- ==============================
-
- If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it
- ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups
- does not seem to support a 0's broadcast and you will probably find
- that browsing and name lookups won't work.
-
- You have a few options:
-
- 1) change to a 1's broadcast on your unix server. These often end in
- .255 (check with your local network guru for details)
-
- 2) set the nmbd broadcast to a 1's based address on the command line using
- the -B option. This only works if your network setup listens on both
- 0s and 1s based broadcasts. The -B option can only control what
- address it sends to, not what it listens on.
-
- MULTIPLE INTERFACES
- ===================
-
- Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you
- have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the "interfaces"
- option in smb.conf to configure them. See smb.conf(5) for details.
-
-
-
-